Photographic shutter



Dec. 25, .1928. 1,696,264

T. M. BRUECK I PHOTOGRAPHIC SHUTTER Filed Dec. 4, 1926 6 Sheets-Shed 1 INVENTOR W A'M 1." ATTORNEY m 25, 192&

T. M. BRUE CK PHOTOGRAPHIC SHUTTER Filed Dec. 4, 1926 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 An: ATTORNEY Dec. 25, 1928.

T. M. BRUECK PHOTOGRAPHIC SHUTTER Filed Dec. 4, 1926 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR 75:30:22. /?M

a; ATTORNEY T. M. BRUECK PHOTOGRAPHIC SHUTTER Dec. 25, 1928.

Filed Dec. 4, 1926 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR 77 1804 0 1: fifi-ueci 7203' ATTORNEY Dec. 25, 1928.

T. M. BRUECK PHOTOGRAPHIC SHUTTER Filed Dec. 4, 1926 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Ill-"51mm 4 w ATTORNEY Dec. 25, 192&

T. M. BRUECK PHOTOGRAPHIC SHUTTER Filed Dec. 4, 1926 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 INVENTOR Mai/IMP 4;- ATTORNEY Patented I Dec. 25, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THEODORE M. BRUECK, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO ILEX OPTICAL COM- PANY, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

PHOTOGRAPHIC SHUTTER.

Application filed December 4, 1926. Serial No. 152,563.

The present invention relates to photographic shutters and more particularly to the type in which there is employed an exposure mechanism, a master member, and a connection between the master member and the exposure mechanism for effecting the opening and the closing of the shutter. An object of this invention is to provide a construction in which the number of parts are reduced to a minimum. Another object of this invention is to provide a construction in which a single detaining member has direct engagement with the master member and direct engagement with the actuating lever thus eliminating the additional lever heretofore required 'tobe interposed between the actuating lever and the master member. Another object of the invention is to provide on the detaining member a latch through which the actuating lever moves the detaining member out of detaining position, said latch being controlled by a part moved by the exposure mechanism, preferably a part rigid with a part of the exposure mechanism, to hold the latch out of the path of the actuating lever when the latter is moved to effect cooperation between the master member and the detaining means. Another object of the invention is to so construct the shutter that an outside peripheral surface on the controlling member may be employed for controlling the detaining means, this having been heretofore accomplished by an inside surface which has made the assembling of the shutter a diflicult one. Still another object of the invention is to improve the connection between the master member and a retarding mechanism which retards the movement of the master member. Still another object of the invention is to provide a pivoted latch on the master member which slips off the retarding mechanism, permitting the latter to return to normal position under the action of its own spring after the shutter has been closed and before the next operation of the master member against the action of the spring of the latter. Still another object of the invention is to provide a kick off device in connection with a pivoted latch on the master member, insuring positive disconnection between the master member and the retarding mechanism. A still further object of the invention is to provide a photographic shutter having two retarding mechanisms, one acting through the other and each having its own spring, a connection between one of the retarding mechanisms and the master member being provided to permit both of the retarding mechanisms to return to their normal positions after the shutter has been closed and before the master member is again actuated against the action of its own spring. A still further object oft-he invention is to provide a photographic shutter in which two retarding mechanisms are employed having an adjustable connection be tween them and an adjustable connection between one of them and the master member, both of said adjustable connections being controlled by a common controller.

To these and other ends, the invention conslsts of certain parts and combinations of parts, all of which will be hereinafter described, the novel features being pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a face View of a photographic shutter constructed in accordance with this invention;

Fig. 2 is a face view with the dial plate removed and the controlling member shown in its adjusted position for obtaining a retarded instantaneous exposure;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary face view showing the controlling member adjusted to obtain time exposure;

Fig. 4 is a. similar view showing the controller ring adjusted to obtain bulb exposure;

Fig. 5 is a face View of the shutter showing the front cover plate and dial broken away and illustrating the detent in the position it occupies when the detent is adjusted for time exposures and the shutter is closed.

Fig. 6 is a similar View showing the detent in the position it occupies when the shutter 1s open;

Fig. 7 is a view of the shutter, with the cover plate removed, illustrating the position of the parts when the shutter is closed and the retarding mechanism. is adjusted for the slowest instantaneous exposures;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary interior view showing the master member in a set position with the pivoted catch on the master member in position to engage the abutment on the primary retarding mechanism;

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary interior view showing the position of the parts when the master member is released for bulb exposure;

. 0 connection with the posures, the cooper: ingmechanism master ineinber heme illustrated in tne posictre the Picktions the parts oft occurs;

Fig. 12 a section on the Line 12l2, Fig. 11;

n 13 is a section on the l ne 1 1 13.

Fi 14: Fig. 11;

Fig. 15 is fragn'ientary interior View showing the connection between the actuating lever and the master member when the latter is in its normal position;

Fig. 16 a similar view showing the runster ineinber ii position: and

Fig. 17 is a \iew it the parts illustrated in fig. 15 looking in the direction of the arrow in said figure with a part of the casing broken away.

In the illus at d embodiment of the intention there employed a casing}; having a central {1139M or opening" and formed in three parts, a rear, 2 central and a. front part. The rez r part 1 carries the iris diaphragm of any suitable construction and this does not enter into the present invention it is not described nor shown in detail. This rear part has rearwardl proje ting flange 3 which serves a means for attaching a shutter to a camera and for mounting: one of the lens elements not shown) all of which known in this art. The central part has flange l surrounding; the aperture and internally threaded to receive the front lens element. This central part also has an orter annular flange 5, both 0. .id ti'angree ni o ing from a ring: 6 t t inning; i th central eleinent of ti The flange projects he and about the sazne is secured 7, see 2, 3 and -l-. trolling: member 8 the shutt r is secured by two overhanging securing devices: 9 and 10, the securing; device 9 being: the

the line section on on win the conterm of a lip struck in from the cover member T and the sec iriug device 10 heme; detachable and held '0 the cover n'ienibe r a screw 11,

actine; as

the outer surface of the flan, guide or bearing: for the controlling niernbei or ring 8. Through t screws 12 there is secured to the controllinq' ring 8. a dial dish 13, the ring; having open n which the screws 12 are anchored. Ellis dial disk has on the face thereof the usual graduations if; provided with the usual characters 16 for indicating the difi'erez shutter. Tl

re dial d cover plate t and other posed thr: A The bill V shutter nay be of ai t In this irr-tance a p employed, each prorating over pins 19 nrojcrtc of the ani'iula c J o'i'ed at 20 to i ed constriu'tion. f blades 17 is in a depr i nortion 3 the annular member 6, [he i rasing has a s. t throu tzjh wh c l. projection 24 on the exposure ring 21 extends (see Fi For actuati: utter there einployc l a master or motor in .iber 253 so Fins. and

wi-n

and norniallii he on b Y a mas ter or motor spr inasner memher, in this instaiite l t n echanisin throwwhich perniits 1n "d in the direction to in the spril without affecting; thi operation of the blade ineeianisin a then to more in the 0 her di 'on to e 'fect the opening and th clea of the shutter l" ad In motion c nncction enited at 29 at an eccentric lance this lo o. latch 28 p in on the was no witl in 1 nieniber iin u 4 inanual operatic i When this depressed. the shonlder 3t projection 93! and theexpos i r anisin will not be a rcted. bein said projection and 1 nisin to open the shr are opened this shonder ii 36f) tric connect: is Julled npwar M7 brii in e:i; ageincnt with the are this way efii'cetl through V n'iaster membe the rapid closine i or holding" the runsits set position with the spring d in tic-V 27 under tension, and the latch 28 positioned to effect the opening of the shutter blades, a detaining means is provided, see Figs. and 16, comprising, in this instance, a lever 36, pivoted at 37 within the casing and having a laterally projecting nose or'project-ion 38 adapted to engage a stop or shoulder 40 on the master member 25. A spring 41 acts on this detaining lever 36 in a direction to move said detaining member normally to detaining position.

The release of the detaining member may be effected in any suitable manner. In this instance, there is provided an actuating member 42 pivoted at 43 within the casing and having an operating portion 44 extending to the outside of the casing. This actuating lever has a. laterally extending projection 45 which is adapted to directly engage with one side of the detent 36, in order to shift such detent against the action of the spring 41 to move the shoulder 38 thereof out of direct engagement with the shoulder 40 on the master member and permit the master member to return to its normal position and thereby effect the opening and the closing of the shutter blades. A spring 46 acts on the actuating lever to normally return the latter to its normal position.

For holding the master or motor member 25 in a position where the blades will be maintained in an open position, there is employed a detaining means comprising, in this instance, a detent 47 pivoted at 48 and moved to detaining position under the action of the spring 49. This detaining member has a lateral projection 50 adapted to engage directly the shoulder 51 on the master member 25 when the shutter blades 17 are in open position as illustrated in Fig. 6. On the detaining member is pivoted at 52 a latch 53 which is also engaged by the spring 49. After the lever 36 has been operated to release the master member from its set position the spring 27 of the master lever moves the latter, when the shutter is adjusted for any other exposure than instantaneous, until the shoulder 51 on the master lever directly engages the shoulder 50 on the detent 47 and the parts move to the position shown in Fig. 6. At this time the end of the latch 53 lies in the path of a lateral projection 54 on the actuating lever 42, so that upon the next depression of the actuating lever, the projection 54 will engage the end of'the latch 53 and shift the detent 47 on the pivot 48, thus submitting the master member 25 to the action of the spring 27, permitting the latter to move to close the blades. While the shutter is in a set position, the end 55 of the detent 47 directly engages the projection 54 and holds the detent 47 out of the path of the master member, but, with the actuation of the lever 42, the projection 54 moves outof the path of the end 55 of thedetent 47 and the latter carries the shoulder 56 on the detent 47 into, the path of the shoulder 54, there by preventingthe complete return movement g f the actuating lever 42 as illustrated in 1g. 6.

When the shutter blades are closed, the latch 53 has its end 57 held out of the path of the projection 54 on the actuating lever 42. This is effected, in this instance, by a pin or projection 58 rigid with and projecting laterally from the exposure ring 21 through a slot 59 in the portion 6 of the casing of the shutter and cooperating with a portion 60 of the latch 53 to hold the latch against movement under the action of the spring 49. As

the shutter blades open, the ring 21 turns and carries a projection 58 out of the path of the latch 53 so that the end 57 of the latch may move into the path of the projection 54, whereby, when the actuating lever 42 is again actuated after its movement to free the master member from its set position, the projection 54 will engage the end 57 of the latch 53 and shift the detent 47 on its pivot 48 to move the projection 50 out of the path of the shoulder 51 on the master lever, permitting the blades to close and the parts to assume the positions shown in Fig. 5.

This control of the latch 53 on the detent 47 through the exposure mechanism, that is, the projection 58 on the exposure ring 21, makes it possible to provide a time detent 47 which is directly engaged by the actuating lever 42 and directly engages the master member 25. Herctofore, an intermediate lever has been required between the master lever and the time detent in order to control the latch on the time detent. As a result, the cost of production of the shutter is less, and, in addition, it is possible to control the time detent from an outside surface 61 on the controlling cam 8 through means of a projection 62 extending laterally through the time detent 47.

Bulb exposures are obtained by holding {shoulder 63 as shown in Fig. 10, whereby when the actuating lever 42 is released the projection 54 will push on the inclined shoulder 63 and shift the detent to carry the projection 50 out of the path of the shoulder 51 on the master member 25 to effect the closing of the shutter.

' Instantaneous exposures are effected by moving the surface 64 in engagement with the projection 62 on the time detent 47, so that the time detentis held out of the path of the projection 54 on the actuating lever 42 permitting said actuating lever to move ithoutaflecting the time detent, so as to shift the lever 36 in order to permit the ma ter member 25 to move without any interference t'rom the time detent. first to open the shutter and then to effect the closing, as illustrated in Figs. "1'\ S and 11.

iYith the end in view of retardii'ig t1e action o l? the master member, there may be provided a retarding mechanism comprising in this uore a lever pivoted at 66 and having a spring (3'1" acting thereon normally to hold the lever in one position. This lever has n ar its free end a slot 68 in which a pin 69 operates. This pin 69 is eccentrically mounted on a toothed or st( 1' wheel 70 mounted to turn about an axis 71 and engaged by an anchor T2 pivoted at T3. The spring 6? moves the lever 65 in one direction while a connec tion is provided between the lever 65 and the master member which moves the lever 65 against the action of the spring.

The connection between the master mem ber and the retarding lever (55 is a novel one and forms one of the features of this invention. It comprises a latch Tel: pivo'e-d at 75 on the master member 25 a point eccentric to the axis of the latter and having a shoulder '76 on one side arranged to cooperate with a lateral project-ion or abutment T7 formed on the lever 65 of the retarding mechanism, a spring 78 acting on said latch in order to hold the shoulder 76 toward the projection '1' 7. Beyond the shoulder 76, the latch has an extension 79 which adapted to cooperate with the lateral projection formed on the lever As will be seen by reteiimg to F gs. 7, 8 and 11, when the master member 25 is in normal position the shoulder T6 lies out ot engagement with the projection 77 on the retarding lever 65 and when the master member is moved to set position, the. shoulder T6 moves above the projection 77 as shown in Fig. 8, the side of the extension 79 of the latch Tlcooperating with the projection lhen in the position shown in the d tance between the shoulder 76 and the projection T7 is such that the master member 25 m have a lost motion under the action of its spring to complete the opening of the shutter aperture before the shoulder engages the projection T7 although the blades still continue their opening movements beyond the held of the aperture of the shutter, tl s aperture being open completely before the shoulder 51 on the master lever projection 50 on the detent- 41. As t der 76 engages the projection T tardinp; lever 65, the latter beg 11s to move under the action 01 the spring 27 or the master lever, said spring being stronger than the spring 6? which acts on the swinging member 35 of the retarding mechanism. The movement of. the swinging me111bcr (S5 continues until the projection 80 on the swinging memher 6:") engages the extension '79 on the latch Ti and shifts the latch 74 011 its pivot 75 to carry the shoulder 76 out of engagement with the projection 77 on the swinging member (55 of the retarding mechanism. occurs during the first part of the closing movement of the blades and j ust about the time that the blades start their 111ove111ent a s the aperture of the shutter, so that the retarding device acts on the master lever while the blades are moving beyond the area of the expos re aperture. Of course. when the lever 65 moved through the master member the toothed wheel T0 is os -illated and this oscillating movement is retarded through the anchor 72.

There may be employed a secondary retarding device for obtaining still slower speeds in the movement of the master lever 2:3 and to this end there is employed a train of wheels 81 82 and 83 geared together by pinions Si, 85 and 86, the gear meshing with a pinion S7 with which a toothed 01' star wheel 88 turns, the latter being operated upon by a pivoted anchor 89. The wheel 81 has a lateral projection 90 and a spring 91 acts on this wheel to hold the projection 90 in spaced relation to but in the path of a bevelled end 92 on the lever 65, as shown in Fig. 7, so thatthe primary retarding mechanism formed by the lever 65, gear 70 and anchor '72 may have its action retarded by the secondary retarding mechanism formed by the train of gears. star wheel 88 and anchor 89 If the seconoary retarding mechanism has its projection 99 in its extreme upper position, then the maximum retarding action on the master member 2% is obtained.

The retarding action on the master lever through the retarding mechanisms may be controlled to nicety to obtain either the highestspeed in the shutter action, where neither of the retarding mechanisms operates, or graduated speeds up to the greatest retanliug action obtainable. This may be effected through the controlling member 8. This controlling member has a surface 93) adapted to cooperate with a lug 94 formed on the retarding lever 65 to hold the projection 7? ol the retarding lever out of the path of the shoulder 76 on the latch 74, so that the master member 25 may move to effect the opening and the closing of the blades without being retarded by either of the retarding mechanisms. \Vhile the surface 93 engages the projection 94 a surface 95 011 the controllim; member engages the pin 90 on the secondary retarding mechanism so the latter is held outot the path of movement of the retarding lever (35. The two surfaces 93 and 95 are concentric with the axis of turning of the controlling member 8. but the surface 95 is lon than the surface 9?. Between the sur aces 93 and 95, there is provided a cam surface 96 which is adapted to cooperate This slip olf with the projection 94 in order to shift the lever on its pivot, so as to vary the retarding action of the primary retarding mechanism, due to the fact-that the shoulder 76 will engage the projection 77 for a short period only. At this time the surface 95 is still in engagement with the pin of the secondary retarding mechanism. The adjustment of the controller 8 carries the surface opposite the projection 94 on the primary retarding mechanism and this surface 95 is so positioned that it permits a free movement of theretarding lever 65. However, at this time, the pin 90 is still in engagement with the surface 95 so that the retarding action on the master lever is imposed entirely through the entire movement of the primary retarding tion 90. to movegradually more and more into the path of the end 92 of the retarding lever 65 under the action of the spring 91,.

until the portion 98 is reached. The nearer that the portion 90 moves to the portion 92,

the greater will be the retarding action of the secondary retarding mechanism upon the prima retarding mechanism. This adj ustment 0 the projection 90 gives a graduation of speeds between the slowest obtainable with primary retarding mechanism and the slowest obtainable with the combined action of the two retarding mechanisms. The primary retarding mechanism also provides a means interposed between the master lever and the secondary retarding mechanism which makes it possible to return the stop 90 on the secondary mechanism to retarding position after each operation of the shutter or after the blades of the shutter have been closed. This shutter does not-require the shifting of entire retarding mechanism with the setting of the shutter, as the master member has a slip off connection with the primary retarding mechanism permitting the latter to return to normal position and, the primary retarding mechanism permits the secondary retarding mechanism to return to normal position under the action of the spring of the secondary retarding mechanism.

From the foregoing it will be seen that there has been provided a photographic shutter in which the time detent directly engages the master member and also the actuating lever so that the usual intermediate lever in shutters of this type is eliminated and a sur face on the outer perimeter of the controlling a ring may be employed for controlling the a time detent; 1 This result is secured by provid-- ing a connection between the exposure mechanism and a latch on the time detent which prevents the time detent being shifted by the actuating lever when the latter is moved to store energy in the spring of the master mem her. A simple means for accomplishing this purpose is a rigid parton the exposure or blade ring acting on the detent latch. A novel lost motion slip off connection is provided he I tween the master member and the retarding mechanism which insures the slip off action permitting the retarding mechanism to return to normal position before the master member is again actuated so that the retarding mechanism is not required to be set before the shutter can be operated. This result is obtained in a simple manner byv a latch pivotally connected to the master member and having a shoulder engaging the retarding mechanism together with a part engaged by the retarding mechanism to insure the slip off. A secondary retarding mechanism is employed which also is not required to be set when energy is stored in the master member spring. Both retarding mechanisms are so controlled that greater accuracy in the timing of the graduated speeds of the shutter is attained.

member, a connection between the master member and the exposure mechanism for effecting the opening and the closing of the shutter by the movement of the master member in one direction, a pivoted detent for holding the exposure mechanism against closing, a latch pivoted to the detent, and an actuating lever controlling the movement of the master lever to bring the detent into de taining position, ofmeans moved by the exposuremecha'nism for holding the latch outof cooperative relation with the actuating lever when the shutter is closed, so that. the actuating lever may be moved to control the master member in order to bring the detent into detaining position, said latch controlling means being moved by the exposure mechanism to cause the latch to move into the path of the actuating lever upon theopening of the shutter, so that the detent may be moved out of detaining position through such latch upon the next movement of the actuating lever.

2. In a photographic shutter, the combina-- tion w1th an exposure mechanism, a master member, a connection between the master member and the exposure mechanism for holding the exposure mechanism against closing, latch pivoted to the detent and an actuating lever controlling the movement oi? the master member to bri the detent into detaining position, of a part rigid with one of the parts oi? the exposure mechanism and engaging the latch to hold the latch out of cooperation with the actuating lever when the shutter is closed so that the actuat lever may be moved to control the mas member in orde to bring the detent into oetaining position, said rigid part being moved with the exposure mechanism upon the ope ing of the shutter to eil'ect the moveme o the latch into the path of the actuating so that the detent may be moved out or .letaining position through such latch ugon the next movemen of the actuating lever.

In a photographic sh the combim tion with an exposure mechanism, a master member, a connection between the ma ter member and the exposure mechanism for etfecting the opening and the closing of the shutter by the movement oi? the m Aer i her in one direction, an actuating lever naving connection with the master lever control the movement of the latter for ei t' g the opening of the shutter, a pivoted detent having direct engagement with the master member to hold the latter against moven'ient when the shutter is open, said detent also having direct engagement with the actuating lever through which the detent is per milted to move into detaining engagen'ient with the master member, and a latch pivted to the detent and -iovablc into and out of the path of the actuating lever. of means interposed between the exposure member and the latch for etlecting the mov nent of the latter on the detent, said means oeing constructed to hold the detent out of the path or the actuating lever when the latter is moved to control the m. vement ot the master member into connection with the detaining means and to effect the movement of tne latch into the path of the actuating lever when the exposure mechanic .1 is open.

In a photographic shutter, the nation with an exposure mechanism a rotary blade controlling ring, a master member, a connection between the master member and the exposure mechanism for etl'ect'ng the opening and the closing of the shutter by a movem nt of the master member in one direction, pivoted detent for eng ing the master member to hold the ex posure mechanism against closing, a latch pivoted to said detent, and an actuating lever controlling the movement of t 1e master member to bring the detent into detaining position, of means rigid with the controlling ring of the exposure mechanism and engaging the latch when the shutter closed to hold he latch out of the path of the actuating lever, said rigid means moving with the opencombi havin the solider by a moven'ient of the master member 111 one dn tion, of a pivoted dctent engz gmg the master member to he exposure mechanism against closla ch mounted on the detent, an actulever coi'itrolling the movement of the member and also directly engaging *etent to hold the latter out of detaining c. n, means for engaging the latch. to hol d it out of the path of the actuating lever when the shutter is closed, but effecting the movement of the latch into the path of the a uating lever when the shutter is open, and a rotary controlling ring rotatable about the axis of the shutter and having a surface on the outer periphery thereof for directly engaging with a portion of the detent to control the position of said detcnt.

G. In a photographic shutter, the combination with an exposure mechanism, a master member, a connection between the master member and the exposure mechanism for oftccting the opening of and the closing of the shutter, and a retarding mechanism, of latch pivotally connected to the master member and having a shoulder thereon, an abutment on the retarding mechanism for engagement by the shoulder, and a kick ofl means for moving the shoulder on the latch out of engagement with the abutmenton the retardmechanism.

7. In a photographic shutter, the c0mbination with an exposure mechanism, a master member, a connection between the master member and the exposure mechanism for effecting the opening and closing of the shut ter, and a retarding mechanism embodying a pivoted member, of a latch pivotally connected to the master member and having a shoulder thereon, an abutment on the pivoted lover of the retarding mechanism for engagement the shoulder, and a rigid portion on the lever of the retarding mechanism for engaging the latch to hick the shoulder oil the abutment during the movement of the lever of the retarding mechanism by the latch.

8. In a photographic shutter, the combination with an exposure mechanism, a master member, a connection between the master member and the exposure mechanism for effecting the opening and the closing of the shutter, a retarding mechanism, and a spring for moving the retarding mechanism to normal position. of a connection between the master member and the retarding mechanism, embodying a latch pivotally connected to the master member and having a shoulder thereon which slips out of connection with the retarding mechanism after the master member has moved to effect the opening and the closing of the shutter. I

9. In a photographic shutter, the combination with an exposure mechanism, a master member, a spring fo moving the master member in one direction, a connection between the master member and theexposure mechanism for effecting the opening and the closing of the shutter upon the movement of the master member in one direction under the action of the spring and a retarding mechanism, of a latch pivotally connected to the master member and shiftedby the latter into operative connection with theretarding mechanism upon the movement of the master member to store energy in the spring, said latch havin a slip 01f connection with the retarding mec anlsm becoming 1neflect-ive during the movement of the master member under the action of its spring, and a spring for returning the retarding device to normal position after the retardin mechanism has been released by the late 10. In a photograph shutter, the combination with an exposure mechanism, a master member, a connection between the master member and the exposure mechanism for effecting the opening and the closing of the shutter, a retarding mechanism having a pivoted lever, and a spring for moving said lever in one direction, of alatch pivotally connected to the master member and having a shoulder thereon and an extension beyond the shoulder, and two abutments on the lever of the retarding mechanism, one for engagement by the shoulder and the other for engagement with the extension to kick the shoulder off the first mentioned abutment.

THEODORE M. BRUEGK. 

